Muscle contraction increases lactate transport while reducing sarcolemmal MCT4, but not MCT1.

Rates of lactate uptake into giant sarcolemmal vesicles were determined in vesicles collected from rat muscles at rest and immediately after 10 min of intense muscle contraction. This contraction period reduced muscle glycogen rapidly by 37-82% in all muscles examined (P < 0.05) except the soleus muscle (no change P > 0.05). At an external lactate concentration of 1 mM lactate, uptake into giant sarcolemmal vesicles was not altered (P > 0.05), whereas at an external lactate concentration of 20 mM, the rate of lactate uptake was increased by 64% (P < 0.05). Concomitantly, the plasma membrane content of monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)1 was reduced slightly (-10%, P < 0.05), and the plasma membrane content of MCT4 was reduced further (-25%, P < 0.05). In additional studies, the 10-min contraction period increased the plasma membrane GLUT4 (P < 0.05) while again reducing MCT4 (-20%, P < 0.05) but not MCT1 (P > 0.05). These studies have shown that intense muscle contraction can increase the initial rates of lactate uptake, but only when the external lactate concentrations are high (20 mM). We speculate that muscle contraction increases the intrinsic activity of the plasma membrane MCTs, because the increase in lactate uptake occurred while plasma membrane MCT4 was decreased and plasma membrane MCT1 was reduced only minimally, or not at all.