Mamu-DQA1 allele and genotype frequencies in a randomly sampled breeding colony of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).

We studied the allelic and genotypic distribution of the major histocompatibility class-II locus DQA1 observed in a random sample of Indian rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) from a major breeding facility in the United States. The DNA was isolated from whole blood samples collected between 1991 and 1994 from 65 Indian rhesus monkeys. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP), which involves use of specific amplification of DQA1 exon 2 and subsequent restriction digestion of the 242-base pair fragment, was used to genotype the animals for the 20 known macaque (Mamu)-DQA1 alleles. Frequencies for four alleles (DQA1*240x, *2502, *2503 and *0102) differed significantly from those reported in a smaller sample of rhesus macaques from the German Primate Center. The modest genetic survey of Mamu-DQA1 genotypes presented here will be particularly useful in designing epidemiologic studies that investigate associations between immunogenetic background and disease susceptibility in macaque models of human disease.