Osmotic and volaemic effects on drinking rate in elasmobranch fish.

An increase in drinking rate of two species of marine elasmobranch fish, Scyliorhinus canicula and Triakis scyllia, acclimated to 80 % sea water was observed following the introduction of 100 % sea water to experimental tanks. The drinking response in both species was found to be maximal within 6 h, and a significant increase was sustained for up to 24 h in T. scyllia. Plasma osmolality was significantly increased within 6 h following introduction of 100 % sea water, and this increase was principally due to elevated plasma Na(+) and Cl(-) concentrations. Administration of 2 mol l(-1) mannitol, 75 % sucrose and vehicle (elasmobranch Ringer) did not induce a significant increase or decrease in the drinking rate of S. canicula. However, injection of 20 % NaCl was found to decrease drinking rate significantly in S. canicula 60 min after administration. Controlled haemorrhage of approximately 5.7 % of total blood volume in S. canicula induced a rapid 36-fold increase in drinking over basal levels. The present study demonstrates a physiological dipsogenesis in response to hypovolaemia in marine elasmobranch fish as part of their overall iso/hyperosmoregulatory strategy.