Long-term results of arthrodesis of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.

We reviewed 48 arthrodeses of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb in 39 patients being treated for osteoarthritis. The mean follow-up period was 90 months (range 14 months-17 years). In 28 (58%) hands pain relief was excellent and in 6 (12%) good. Morbility was significantly reduced (p < 0.002). Mean key pinch (52.9 N) and grip strength (219.5 N) were comparable with the unoperated hand (51.0 and 239.1 N, respectively). Hand function was near normal. In 29 hands an additional operation was needed to remove the osteosynthesis material; 14 hands failed to unite. Osteoarthritis of the scaphotrapezial joint increased significantly faster in the operated hands than in the unoperated ones (p < 0.0001). A soft tissue procedure (such as flexor carpi radialis interposition arthroplasty) is advised instead of arthrodesis, because of the large number of reoperations, based on non-union and removal of the osteosynthesis material. From a survey of published papers we conclude that arthrodesis of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb can best be done by stapling and bone grafting.