Bone grafts and growth and differentiation factors for regenerative therapy: a review.

Guided bone regeneration, tissue grafts, regenerative barrier membranes, and bone substitute materials have been used to restore inadequate hard and soft tissue structures to make them conducive to proper implant placement. Polypeptide growth and development factors (GDFs) have successfully been applied exogenously to periodontal defects to attract preosteoblasts to the site and accelerate their proliferation to stimulate angiogenesis. This article provides an overview of current modalities for restoring lost bone and soft tissue during the treatment of periodontal disease.