Arteriovenous fistula of the renal vessels: Surgical management.

The fifth case of arteriovenous fistula following nephrectomy for tuberculosis is presented. It is important to consider an arteriovenous communication in cases of unexplained congestive heart failure, particularly when blood pressure findings suggest arteriovenous shunting. The importance of the history of nephrectomy and findings of a loud bruit upon auscultation of the abdomen is evident. Diagnosis is established by selective renal angiography. The preferred treatment is complete excision of the fistulous communication.