Radiation treatment of recurrent pheochromocytoma of the bladder: case report and review of literature.

Secondary to the paucity of pheochromocytoma, very limited data exist regarding the optimal treatments of metastatic disease. Malignant pheochromocytomas are often considered unresponsive to radiotherapy, but this decision is based on the few case reports performed before 1970. There have been a handful of reports about metastatic resolution and palliation from radiation therapy. Nevertheless, radiotherapy is not considered a mainstay of pheochromocytoma treatment. In this case report, we describe a patient with a malignant extraadrenal pheochromocytoma, metastatic to the right humerus, and her treatment course of surgery and radiotherapy.