BACKGROUND/AIM: There is now some evidence that autism may be accompanied by abnormalities in the inflammatory response system (IRS). Products of the IRS, such as proinflammatory cytokines, may induce some of the behavioral symptoms of autism, such as social withdrawal, resistance to novelty and sleep disturbances. The main aim of the present study was to examine whether autism is accompanied by an activation of the IRS. METHODS: We measured the production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha by whole blood and the serum concentrations of IL-6, the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) and IL-1RA. RESULTS: This study showed a significantly increased production of IFN-gamma and IL-1RA and a trend toward a significantly increased production of IL-6 and TNF-alpha by whole blood of autistic children. There were no significant differences in the serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-2R and IL-1RA between autistic and normal children. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that autism may be accompanied by an activation of the monocytic (increased IL-1RA) and Th-1-like (increased IFN-gamma) arm of the IRS. It is hypothesized that increased production of proinflammatory cytokines could play a role in the pathophysiology of autism. Copyright 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel
BACKGROUND/AIM: There is now some evidence that autism may be accompanied by abnormalities in the inflammatory response system (IRS). Products of the IRS, such as proinflammatory cytokines, may induce some of the behavioral symptoms of autism, such as social withdrawal, resistance to novelty and sleep disturbances. The main aim of the present study was to examine whether autism is accompanied by an activation of the IRS. METHODS: We measured the production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha by whole blood and the serum concentrations of IL-6, the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) and IL-1RA. RESULTS: This study showed a significantly increased production of IFN-gamma and IL-1RA and a trend toward a significantly increased production of IL-6 and TNF-alpha by whole blood of autisticchildren. There were no significant differences in the serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-2R and IL-1RA between autistic and normal children. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that autism may be accompanied by an activation of the monocytic (increased IL-1RA) and Th-1-like (increased IFN-gamma) arm of the IRS. It is hypothesized that increased production of proinflammatory cytokines could play a role in the pathophysiology of autism. Copyright 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel
Authors: Zuzana Tobiasova; Klaas H B van der Lingen; Lawrence Scahill; James F Leckman; Yan Zhang; Wookjin Chae; James T McCracken; Christopher J McDougle; Benedetto Vitiello; Elaine Tierney; Michael G Aman; L Eugene Arnold; Liliya Katsovich; Pieter J Hoekstra; Fred Volkmar; Alfred L M Bothwell; Ivana Kawikova Journal: J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol Date: 2011-11-09 Impact factor: 2.576
Authors: Milo Careaga; Sally Rogers; Robin L Hansen; David G Amaral; Judy Van de Water; Paul Ashwood Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2015-09-11 Impact factor: 13.382