Development of hepatic veno-occlusive disease after Mylotarg infusion for relapsed acute myeloid leukemia.

Mylotarg (gemtuzumab zogamicin) is a conjugated monoclonal antibody that has recently become available for use in patients with relapsing or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Reversible hepatotoxicity is common after administration. We describe the first report of hepatic veno-occlusive disease (HVOD) developing after Mylotarg infusion in a patient who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 8 months earlier. Certain antineoplastic agents have been implicated as a cause of HVOD, but the disease is most commonly seen within 30 days after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The possible association between Mylotarg infusion and HVOD is discussed.