Decompression of multiple pneumatoceles in a premature infant by percutaneous catheter placement.

Pneumatoceles due to acquired localized overinflation as a form of pulmonary interstitial emphysema are complications of advanced bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Different ventilation modes, selective bronchial intubation, balloon obstruction of the affected bronchus and steroids have been reported with success. Lobectomy has also been used. We present a premature infant with multiple large pneumatoceles causing respiratory compromise. In our case percutaneous decompression under fluoroscopy guidance resulted in a permanent cure.