Cadherin-4 expression in the zebrafish central nervous system and regulation by ventral midline signaling.

In this study we show that zebrafish cadherin-4 (R-cadherin) transcript (cad4) and protein are expressed in several defined regions in the embryonic forebrain and in distinctive clusters in the hindbrain and spinal cord. This is the first report of a segmental pattern of expression of cadherin-4 in the hindbrain and spinal cord. Expression domains of cadherin-4 transcript and protein were compared with that of pax6.1. In the forebrain of zebrafish embryos, cad4 and pax6.1 expression domains overlapped extensively, although they were not completely coincident. Injection of pax6.1 mRNA resulted in an increase in cad4 expression, whereas overexpression of sonic hedgehog (shh), a midline signaling molecule that reduces pax6.1 expression, caused a reduction in cad4 expression throughout the brain. cad4 expression was increased in both forebrain and hindbrain in cyclops mutant embryos, which have a defect in midline signaling and an enlarged expression domain of pax6.1. These results suggest that zebrafish cadherin-4 may play a role in organization of neuronal architecture throughout the neural axis, and that its expression is regulated by a ventral midline signaling pathway that involves shh and pax6.1.