PROBLEM: Implantation of human embryo requires expression of inflammatory cytokines and local attraction of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Chemokines are chemoattractants for these cells in classical inflammation. We speculated that they could also be involved in implantation. METHOD OF STUDY: We assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry the presence of three classical beta chemokines Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1 (MIP1)alpha, MIP1beta and Regulated upon activation, normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) in cultures of placental villi or isolated trophoblasts derived from human first trimester and term placenta. RESULTS: Explant culture assays were positive for these three chemokines, with important quantitative variations between individuals. Half of the highly purified trophoblasts cultures were found by ELISA and RT-PCR to secrete in vitro MIP1alpha and MIP1beta. RANTES was never detected by ELISA in trophoblasts cultures, albeit we could detect a low amount of messenger RNA. Immunohistochemistry experiments show that Hofbauer cells and the trophoblast layer are a secretion site of MIP1beta in term placenta, and that cytotrophoblasts are able to secrete this chemokine in early placenta. CONCLUSION: Human placenta is a site of secretion of chemokines that could be involved in establishment of pregnancy.
PROBLEM: Implantation of human embryo requires expression of inflammatory cytokines and local attraction of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Chemokines are chemoattractants for these cells in classical inflammation. We speculated that they could also be involved in implantation. METHOD OF STUDY: We assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry the presence of three classical beta chemokines Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1 (MIP1)alpha, MIP1beta and Regulated upon activation, normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) in cultures of placental villi or isolated trophoblasts derived from human first trimester and term placenta. RESULTS: Explant culture assays were positive for these three chemokines, with important quantitative variations between individuals. Half of the highly purified trophoblasts cultures were found by ELISA and RT-PCR to secrete in vitro MIP1alpha and MIP1beta. RANTES was never detected by ELISA in trophoblasts cultures, albeit we could detect a low amount of messenger RNA. Immunohistochemistry experiments show that Hofbauer cells and the trophoblast layer are a secretion site of MIP1beta in term placenta, and that cytotrophoblasts are able to secrete this chemokine in early placenta. CONCLUSION:Human placenta is a site of secretion of chemokines that could be involved in establishment of pregnancy.
Authors: Nandor Gabor Than; Offer Erez; Derek E Wildman; Adi L Tarca; Samuel S Edwin; Asad Abbas; John Hotra; Juan Pedro Kusanovic; Francesca Gotsch; Sonia S Hassan; Jimmy Espinoza; Zoltan Papp; Roberto Romero Journal: J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med Date: 2008-07
Authors: Romain Marlin; Marie-Thérèse Nugeyre; Marion Duriez; Claude Cannou; Anne Le Breton; Nadia Berkane; Françoise Barré-Sinoussi; Elisabeth Menu Journal: Retrovirology Date: 2011-07-18 Impact factor: 4.602
Authors: G Garcia-Ruíz; P Flores-Espinosa; E Preciado-Martínez; L Bermejo-Martínez; A Espejel-Nuñez; G Estrada-Gutierrez; R Maida-Claros; A Flores-Pliego; Veronica Zaga-Clavellina Journal: Reprod Biol Endocrinol Date: 2015-10-07 Impact factor: 5.211