Late results after extra-anatomic bypass routes.

The long-term results of 37 carotido-subclavian grafts was 100% till the end of the third year. This method is now our preferred method for correction of subclavian lesions. The operative mortality was 0%. The long-term results of the femoro-femoro bypasses was 79.7% from the third through the fifth year. 5 out of 7 axillo-femoral grafts remained patent. In our opinion the axillo-femoral bypass should only implanted in patients with an infected area in the aortoiliac segment but not routinally.