Memory effect on the dioxin emissions from municipal waste incinerator in Taiwan.

Evaluation of the dioxin removal efficiency of the air pollution control device (APCD) at an existing municipal waste incinerator (MWI) located in Taiwan is conducted via stack sampling and analysis. The MWI investigated is equipped with cyclones, dry lime scrubbing systems and fabric filters as APCDs. Results indicate that the patterns of dioxin isomers at APCDs' inlet and stack are similar. During the first year of carbon injection, the concentrations of emitted dioxin decreased greatly. The dioxin removal efficiency increased from 26.9% to 96.6% after injecting 115 kg/day activated carbon (AC). At the second year, the dioxin removal efficiency reaches 98.7% after injecting the same rate of AC continuously. The lower efficiency achieved with activated carbon injection (ACI) during the first year can be attributed to the memory effect, i.e. the dioxin or precursor desorbs slowly to the flue gas and increases the dioxin concentration at stack, resulting in a lower dioxin removal efficiency than expected.