BACKGROUND: Little research has been done on the uniqueness of risk profiles for depression and anxiety in late life. AIMS: Delineating risk factors for the decline of mental health in older persons, comparing risk profiles for developing symptoms of pure depression, pure anxiety and both anxiety and depression in a prospective design. METHOD: Self-report data on depression and anxiety were collected from community-dwelling older respondents (> or = 55 years) on two occasions, 3 years apart. Data from emotionally healthy respondents (n=1810) were used to investigate the effects of long-standing vulnerability factors and stressful life events. RESULTS: After 3 years 9% of the subjects had scored beyond the thresholds for symptoms. Vulnerability for depression and anxiety was quite similar, but life events differed: onset of depression was predicted by death of a partner or other relatives; onset of anxiety was best predicted by having a partner who developed a major illness. No support for moderator effects between vulnerability factors and stress was found; the effects were purely additive. CONCLUSIONS: Depression and anxiety have many risk factors in common, but specific risk factors also were found, especially in subjects developing both depression and anxiety.
BACKGROUND: Little research has been done on the uniqueness of risk profiles for depression and anxiety in late life. AIMS: Delineating risk factors for the decline of mental health in older persons, comparing risk profiles for developing symptoms of pure depression, pure anxiety and both anxiety and depression in a prospective design. METHOD: Self-report data on depression and anxiety were collected from community-dwelling older respondents (> or = 55 years) on two occasions, 3 years apart. Data from emotionally healthy respondents (n=1810) were used to investigate the effects of long-standing vulnerability factors and stressful life events. RESULTS: After 3 years 9% of the subjects had scored beyond the thresholds for symptoms. Vulnerability for depression and anxiety was quite similar, but life events differed: onset of depression was predicted by death of a partner or other relatives; onset of anxiety was best predicted by having a partner who developed a major illness. No support for moderator effects between vulnerability factors and stress was found; the effects were purely additive. CONCLUSIONS:Depression and anxiety have many risk factors in common, but specific risk factors also were found, especially in subjects developing both depression and anxiety.
Authors: Kate Walters; Elizabeth Breeze; Paul Wilkinson; Gill M Price; Chris J Bulpitt; Astrid Fletcher Journal: Am J Public Health Date: 2004-10 Impact factor: 9.308
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