Familial and sporadic renal oncocytomas--a comparative molecular-genetic analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Genetic causes of sporadic and familial renal oncocytomas are not known. We analyzed these tumors genetically in order to detect tumor-specific chromosome alterations.
METHODS: DNA from 26 sporadic and 31 familial renal oncocytomas were screened by comparative genomic hybridization according to standard protocols including degenerate oligonucleotide-primed PCR.
RESULTS: Chromosome alterations were detected in 19/26 sporadic (73%) and in 4/31 familial renal oncocytomas (13%). Partial or complete losses of chromosome 1 were most frequently found in both sporadic (15/26) and familial tumors (2/4). Less frequently, loss of chromosome 14 (3/26) was detected in sporadic renal oncocytomas as well as losses of 2p, 2q, 4q, 10 and 18 and gains of 1q and 17q in individual sporadic tumors. Inter-tumor variation of chromosome aberrations was prominent in 1 patient, where 1 tumor showed gains of chromosomes 5, 6q, 7, 10p, 12 and 13q, whereas the second tumor exhibited gains of chromosomes 5 and 7 and loss of 10q. In contrast to sporadic renal oncocytomas, most familial tumors (87%) were devoid of chromosome instabilities.
CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that partial or complete loss of chromosome 1 is the most common alteration in renal oncocytomas, sporadic and familial. However, chromosome changes are much rarer in familial than in sporadic renal oncocytomas.