Osteoarthritis. How to manage pain and improve patient function.

Osteoarthritis (OA) typically affects persons over age 60 and is often associated with pain and disability. Weight-bearing joints are most commonly affected. The goal of treatment is to minimize pain and its impact on patient function and quality of life. Patient education, psychological support, weight control, exercise, heat/cold application, and use of assistive devices are safe nonpharmacologic approaches. Pharmacologic therapies include acetaminophen, selected NSAIDs, and other analgesics, including opioids for moderate to severe pain. Topical agents, complementary products, viscosupplementation, and surgery may be useful in an individualized treatment plan.