Radiosensitization by bromodeoxyuridine and hyperthermia: analysis of linear and quadratic parameters of radiation survival curves of two human tumor cell lines.

Sensitization by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) and hyperthermia (HT) on cell reproductive death induced by ionizing radiation was analyzed using the linear-quadratic [S(D)/S(0)=exp(-(alphaD + betaD2)]] model. Plateau-phase human lung tumor cells (SW-1573) and human colorectal carcinonoma cells (RKO) were treated with BrdUrd, radiation and HT. LQ-analysis was performed at iso-incubation dose and at iso-incorporation level of BrdUrd. and at iso-HT doses and iso-survival levels after HT. Clonogenic assays were performed 24 h after treatment to allow repair of potentially lethal damage (PLD). In SW cells BrdUrd. HT or the combination significantly increased the alpha-parameter (factor 2.0-5.7), without altering the beta-parameter. In RKO cells sensitization with BrdUrd increased both a (factor 1.4) and beta (factor 1.3) while HT only influenced beta (factor 2.1-4.0). The combination did not further increase the a and beta. The results indicate that BrdUrd has its main effect on the parameter alpha, dominant at clinically relevant radiation doses but that HT can affect both a and beta. The addition of BrdUrd and HT provides a method to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy.