Replantation of the thumb, especially avulsion.

In replantation for avulsion amputation of the thumb, high survival rate of replanted digits depends on good debridement, good arterial repair with vein grafts or neurovascular bundles, and good coverage, with loose closure of the wound. The functional success depends on liberal use of nerve and tendon grafts or transfer; subsequent procedures, such as tenolysis and opponensplasty; and backup procedures for cases with severe soft tissue avulsion or long ischemic periods. All thumb amputations should be explored in the operating room for evaluation of replantability. If it is still questionable, an experienced microsurgeon should be consulted to choose between replantation and an alternative reconstructive procedure.