Recurrence of Susac syndrome (retinocochleocerebral vasculopathy) after remission of 18 years.

Susac syndrome (retinocochleocerebral vasculopathy) is a syndrome of unknown pathogenesis. The triad of multifocal encephalopathy, visual loss, and hearing loss is caused by microangiopathy of the brain, retina, and cochlea. The illness tends to be monophasic, and to our knowledge, recurrence after years of remission has not been reported. We describe a 51-year-old woman with symptoms, signs, and brain magnetic resonance imaging findings consistent with recurrence of Susac syndrome 18 years after remission. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of late recurrence of Susac syndrome when evaluating patients with a distant history of the syndrome who present with complaints referable to the brain, retina, and cochlea.