[Spontaneous intracranial hypotension complicating subdural hematoma: unilateral oculomotor nerve palsy caused by epidural blood patch].

We report a case of a 41-year-old man with a 1-month history of postural headache due to spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). His MRI revealed bilateral chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) and diffuse dural enhancement after gadolinium infusion. Indium-111 radionuclide cisternography revealed a CSF leak from the cervico-thoracic junction and rapid accumulation of radioisotope in the bladder. Postural headache failed to resolve with prolonged bed rest. The patient became restless and suffered recent memory disturbance. We therefore decided to treat the CSF leak with an epidural blood patch. After the procedure, the patient's headache resolved completely. However one day later, left oculomotor nerve palsy developed. MRI revealed enlargement of the left CSH with mass effect and midline shift. After hematoma drainage, the patient became alert and oculomotor palsy recovered gradually. To treat cases of CSH with SIH, the best method is to repair the CSF leakage and treat subdural hematoma at the same time. If the patient shows depressed consciousness, we recommend initial drainage of the subdural hematoma, because, following the repair of CSF leakage, mass effect such as uncal herniation may occur.