Complications of cholecystectomy in the era of laparoscopic surgery.

Both open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy are highly safe and effective procedures for patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis. Today, adverse outcomes after open cholecystectomy are limited to the elderly patients with comorbid conditions and complicated biliary tract disease. Though underreported, major biliary tract complications still occur, more so with laparoscopic cholecystectomy and continue to be the main cause of morbidity after cholecystectomy.