Binding of spermidine to a unique protein in thin-layer tobacco tissue culture.

The mechanism by which spermidine induces the appearances of floral buds in thin-layer tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) tissue culture was studied by following the fate of the radioactive compound. [3H]Spermidine was taken up rapidly by the tissue, and after a brief lag, a portion was bound to trichloroacetic acid precipitable macromolecules. Such binding increased to a maximum on day 4 of culture, coinciding with the onset of bud differentiation, and declined thereafter until shortly before flowering. About 82% of the label in the trichloroacetic acid precipitate remained as spermidine, 14% was metabolized to putrescine, 3% to spermine, and 1% to gamma-aminobutyric acid. Spermidine was covalently bound to a protein with a molecular size of about 18 kilodaltons. Hydrolysis of this protein and analysis of the labeled entities revealed 81% spermidine, 16% putrescine, and 3% spermine. This post-translational modification of a unique protein by attachment of spermidine may be causally connected to the appearance of flower buds in thin-layer tobacco cultures.