BACKGROUND: Strong links exist between juvenile and adult depression, but comorbid conduct disorder may be associated with worse adult social difficulties. AIMS: To test the impact of comorbid conduct disorder on social adjustment and dysfunction, suicidality and criminality of adults who had had depression as youths. METHOD: Subjects (n=149) assessed at the Maudsley Hospital in 1970-1983 and meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder with (CD-MDD; n=53) or without (MDD; n=96) conduct disorder were interviewed 20 years later. Data were collected on lifetime psychiatric disorders and adult social/personality functioning. Death certificates and criminal records were obtained. RESULTS: The suicide risk was 2.45%, and 44.3% of the sample had attempted suicide once in their lives. Compared with the MDD group, the CD-MDD group had higher rates of suicidal behaviours and criminal offences, and exhibited more pervasive social dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent depression is associated with raised risks of adult suicidality and with persistent interpersonal difficulties. Youths with CD-MDD show more severe and pervasive social dysfunction.
BACKGROUND: Strong links exist between juvenile and adult depression, but comorbid conduct disorder may be associated with worse adult social difficulties. AIMS: To test the impact of comorbid conduct disorder on social adjustment and dysfunction, suicidality and criminality of adults who had had depression as youths. METHOD: Subjects (n=149) assessed at the Maudsley Hospital in 1970-1983 and meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder with (CD-MDD; n=53) or without (MDD; n=96) conduct disorder were interviewed 20 years later. Data were collected on lifetime psychiatric disorders and adult social/personality functioning. Death certificates and criminal records were obtained. RESULTS: The suicide risk was 2.45%, and 44.3% of the sample had attempted suicide once in their lives. Compared with the MDD group, the CD-MDD group had higher rates of suicidal behaviours and criminal offences, and exhibited more pervasive social dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS:Adolescent depression is associated with raised risks of adult suicidality and with persistent interpersonal difficulties. Youths with CD-MDD show more severe and pervasive social dysfunction.
Authors: Douglas G Kondo; Young-Hoon Sung; Tracy L Hellem; Kristen K Fiedler; Xianfeng Shi; Eun-Kee Jeong; Perry F Renshaw Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2011-08-09 Impact factor: 4.839
Authors: David Paunesku; Justin Ellis; Joshua Fogel; Sachiko A Kuwabara; Jackie Gollan; Tracy Gladstone; Mark Reinecke; Benjamin W Van Voorhees Journal: J Cogn Behav Psychother Date: 2008-09-01