A liquid-crystalline silsesquioxane dendrimer exhibiting chiral nematic and columnar mesophases.

A hexadecamer, first-generation, octasilsesquioxane liquid-crystalline dendrimer was synthesized by a platinum-catalyzed hydrosilylation reaction of the parent first-generation vinyl octasilsesquioxane dendrimer with a modified, laterally substituted mesogen. The structure and purity of the octasilsesquioxane substrate was confirmed by 1H, 13C, and 29 Si NMR spectroscopy, microanalysis, and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The mesogenic substrate was found to exhibit only a chiral nematic phase, whereas the resulting hexadecamer dendrimer displays enantiotropic chiral nematic, disordered hexagonal columnar, and disordered rectangular columnar phases, with a glass transition below room temperature. The lateral or side-on attachment of the mesogen to the dendritic core was found to be a key design feature in the formation of the mesophases.