Selective impairments for addition, subtraction and multiplication. implications for the organisation of arithmetical facts.

This study reports for the first time a selective impairment for simple addition in patient FS. Moreover, patient VP presented with a selective impairment for simple multiplication and patient DT with a selective impairment for simple subtraction. These findings are discussed in the context of two of the most influential models for the organisation of arithmetical facts in memory (Dehaene and Cohen, 1995, 1997, and Dagenbach and McCloskey, 1992). Dehaene and Cohen (1995, 1997) have proposed that dissociation between arithmetical facts result from a selective impairment to two different types of processing: rote verbal memory for multiplication and simple addition vs. quantity processing for subtraction and division. Dagenbach and McCloskey (1992) suggest dissociation between arithmetical facts result from a selective damage to segregated memory networks specific for each operation. We will argue that our findings are problematic for Dehaene's model and in good accord with McCloskey's view.