OBJECTIVE: To measure soluble factors having a possible role in fibromyalgia (FM) and compare the profiles of patients with recent onset of the syndrome with patients with chronic FM. METHODS: The production of cytokines, cytokine-related molecules, and a CXC chemokine, interleukin (IL)-8, was examined. Fifty-six patients with FM (23 with <2 yr and 33 with >2 yr of symptoms) were compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Cytokines and cytokine-related molecules were measured in sera and in supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) that were incubated with and without lectins and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). RESULTS: No differences between FMS and controls were found by measuring IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-10, serum IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Levels of IL-1R antibody (IL-1Ra) and IL-8 were significantly higher in sera, and IL-1Ra and IL-6 were significantly higher in stimulated and unstimulated FM PBMC compared with controls. Serum IL-6 levels were comparable to those in controls, but were elevated in supernatants of in vitro-activated PBMC derived from patients with >2 yr of symptoms. In the presence of PMA, there were additional increases in IL-1Ra, IL-8 and IL-6 over control values. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with FM we found increases over time in serum levels and/or PBMC-stimulated activity of soluble factors whose release is stimulated by substance P. Because IL-8 promotes sympathetic pain and IL-6 induces hyperalgesia, fatigue and depression, it is hypothesized that they may play a role in modulating FM symptoms.
OBJECTIVE: To measure soluble factors having a possible role in fibromyalgia (FM) and compare the profiles of patients with recent onset of the syndrome with patients with chronic FM. METHODS: The production of cytokines, cytokine-related molecules, and a CXC chemokine, interleukin (IL)-8, was examined. Fifty-six patients with FM (23 with <2 yr and 33 with >2 yr of symptoms) were compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Cytokines and cytokine-related molecules were measured in sera and in supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) that were incubated with and without lectins and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). RESULTS: No differences between FMS and controls were found by measuring IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-10, serum IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Levels of IL-1R antibody (IL-1Ra) and IL-8 were significantly higher in sera, and IL-1Ra and IL-6 were significantly higher in stimulated and unstimulated FM PBMC compared with controls. Serum IL-6 levels were comparable to those in controls, but were elevated in supernatants of in vitro-activated PBMC derived from patients with >2 yr of symptoms. In the presence of PMA, there were additional increases in IL-1Ra, IL-8 and IL-6 over control values. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with FM we found increases over time in serum levels and/or PBMC-stimulated activity of soluble factors whose release is stimulated by substance P. Because IL-8 promotes sympathetic pain and IL-6 induces hyperalgesia, fatigue and depression, it is hypothesized that they may play a role in modulating FM symptoms.
Authors: C Sommer; W Häuser; K Gerhold; P Joraschky; F Petzke; T Tölle; N Uçeyler; A Winkelmann; K Thieme Journal: Schmerz Date: 2008-06 Impact factor: 1.107
Authors: Toru Nakamura; Stephan K Schwander; Robert Donnelly; Felix Ortega; Fumiharu Togo; Gordon Broderick; Yoshiharu Yamamoto; Neil S Cherniack; David Rapoport; Benjamin H Natelson Journal: Clin Vaccine Immunol Date: 2010-02-24
Authors: Benigno Casanueva; Baltasar Rodero; Covadonga Quintial; Javier Llorca; Miguel A González-Gay Journal: Rheumatol Int Date: 2012-07-28 Impact factor: 2.631
Authors: Rosa A Targino; Marta Imamura; Helena H S Kaziyama; Luiz P M Souza; Wu T Hsing; Satiko T Imamura Journal: Curr Pain Headache Rep Date: 2002-10