The preparticipation physical examination.

For decades the preparticipation physical examination (PPE) has been used to screen athletes prior to sports participation to prevent injury or illness. Evolution of the PPE, it is theorized, originated from the need to identify individuals with conditions that may predispose them to injuries or life-threatening situations. However, the effectiveness, practicality, and worthiness of the examination are a matter of debate. As members of a medical team, physicians are responsible for the health and safety of the athlete. The PPE is the first step in satisfying this responsibility. This article discusses the components of the PPE and presents the evidence-based model of knowledge behind the PPE.