OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of islet cell antibodies (ICA) and antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in Asian children with diabetes mellitus (DM) at the time of diagnosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 41 children were studied at their initial presentation from 1993 to 2000. RESULTS: Mean age of onset (+/- SD) of DM was 7.6 (+/- 4.2) years. One or both of the two autoantibodies, ICA and anti-GAD, were present in 17 of the 41 children (41.5%) at the time of diagnosis. Comparing the group of children with autoantibodies and the group without detectable autoantibodies, there were no significant differences in body mass index (15.4 vs. 16.3 kg/m2), age of onset (7.4 vs. 7.8 years), random C-peptide levels (203 vs. 311 pmol/l), HbA1c levels (13.2 vs. 12.7%), and frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis at presentation (53.3 vs. 55%). CONCLUSION: Prevalence of antibodies at presentation of DM in Singapore (41.5%) is lower than in Caucasian populations (60-90%). Other autoantibodies yet to be identified may be contributory. Alternatively, non-immune mediated mechanisms may be responsible for a significant proportion of type 1 DM in Singapore children.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of islet cell antibodies (ICA) and antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in Asian children with diabetes mellitus (DM) at the time of diagnosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 41 children were studied at their initial presentation from 1993 to 2000. RESULTS: Mean age of onset (+/- SD) of DM was 7.6 (+/- 4.2) years. One or both of the two autoantibodies, ICA and anti-GAD, were present in 17 of the 41 children (41.5%) at the time of diagnosis. Comparing the group of children with autoantibodies and the group without detectable autoantibodies, there were no significant differences in body mass index (15.4 vs. 16.3 kg/m2), age of onset (7.4 vs. 7.8 years), random C-peptide levels (203 vs. 311 pmol/l), HbA1c levels (13.2 vs. 12.7%), and frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis at presentation (53.3 vs. 55%). CONCLUSION: Prevalence of antibodies at presentation of DM in Singapore (41.5%) is lower than in Caucasian populations (60-90%). Other autoantibodies yet to be identified may be contributory. Alternatively, non-immune mediated mechanisms may be responsible for a significant proportion of type 1 DM in Singapore children.
Authors: Patrick A Rowe; Martha L Campbell-Thompson; Desmond A Schatz; Mark A Atkinson Journal: Semin Immunopathol Date: 2010-05-22 Impact factor: 9.623
Authors: Steven James; Jayanthi Maniam; Pik-To Cheung; Tatsuhiko Urakami; Julia von Oettingen; Supawadee Likitmaskul; Graham Ogle Journal: World J Clin Pediatr Date: 2022-03-09