Electronic Transduction of Polymerase or Reverse Transcriptase Induced Replication Processes on Surfaces: Highly Sensitive and Specific Detection of Viral Genomes Parts of this research are supported by the Israel Ministry of Science as an Infrastructure Project in Biomicroelectronics and as an Israel-Japan cooperation. M.K. acknowledges the support of the American Foundation for Aids Research, AmfAR (grant No. 02730-28-RG).