Neuron activity in the prefrontal cortex of the brain in rats with different typological characteristics in conditions of emotional stimulation.

Male Wistar rats were separated according to the "emotional resonance" method (groups of animals avoiding ("altruists") and not avoiding ("egotists") the pain cries of partner rats) and neuron activity in the prefrontal areas of the cortex was studied in the right and left hemispheres. Assessments were made of changes in the frequency of nerve cell spike activity (in relation to the baseline activity of neurons in sated animals) in rats subjected to one day of food deprivation and after electrical stimulation of emotionally positive (lateral hypothalamus) and negative (tegmentum of the midbrain) brain structures and after exposure to the pain cries of partner rats. The results of these experiments revealed a series of differences in the cell activities of the two groups of rats. In conditions of hunger, the discharge frequency in the "altruists" was higher than that in "egotists." Cortical neuron responses to positive stimulation were greater than those to negative stimulation in rats of both groups. Intracerebral stimulation produced significantly greater increases in discharge frequency in neurons of both prefrontal areas of the cortex in "altruists" than in "egotists." In both groups of rats, neurons in the right hemisphere responded to emotionally negative stimulation with significantly greater activation than cells in the left hemisphere, while activity in the left hemisphere was greater in conditions of emotionally positive stimulation. "Altruists" showed significantly greater neuron responses during exposure to pain cries from "victim" rats in both the right and left hemispheres. The responses of "egotists" to "victim" cries were not significantly different from baseline activity levels.