Response to measles, mumps, and rubella revaccination among HIV-positive and HIV-negative children and adolescents with hemophilia. Hemophilia Growth and Development Study.

The effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on response to measles, mumps, and rubella revaccination in children and adolescents with hemophilia was evaluated. Antibody levels of measles, mumps, and rubella were assayed at baseline and two annual examinations in 207 HIV-positive and 126 HIV-negative hemophiliacs participating in the Hemophilia Growth and Development Study (HGDS). Response to revaccination was analyzed for participants whose antibody levels were below the cut-off at the start of a year-long observation period. Among HIV-positive participants, antibody levels were below cut-off in 52 subjects for measles, in 71 for mumps, and in 96 for rubella. Among HIV-negative participants, antibody levels were low in 23 subjects for measles, in 23 for mumps, and in 31 for rubella. For measles and mumps antigens, revaccination was associated with a significant increase in redraw antibody levels for HIV-negative participants. Although there was an increase in the mean measles titers for revaccinated HIV-positive participants, it was not significant. Revaccination was associated with an increase in rubella antibodies in HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants. Revaccination with measles and mumps was associated with an increase in antibody levels in HIV-negative participants but not in HIV-positive participants. Both HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants responded to rubella revaccination with an increase in antibody levels.