PURPOSE: To expand the understanding of what constitutes evidence for theory-guided, evidence-based nursing practice from a narrow focus on empirics to a more comprehensive focus on diverse patterns of knowing. ORGANIZING CONSTRUCT: Carper's four fundamental patterns of knowing in nursing--empirical, ethical, personal, and aesthetic--are required for nursing practice. A different mode of inquiry is required to develop knowledge about and evidence for each pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Theory, inquiry, and evidence are inextricably linked. Each pattern of knowing can be considered a type of theory, and the modes of inquiry appropriate to the generation and testing of each type of theory provide diverse sources of data for evidence-based nursing practice. Different kinds of nursing theories provide different lenses for critiquing and interpreting the different kinds of evidence essential for theory-guided, evidence-based holistic nursing practice.
PURPOSE: To expand the understanding of what constitutes evidence for theory-guided, evidence-based nursing practice from a narrow focus on empirics to a more comprehensive focus on diverse patterns of knowing. ORGANIZING CONSTRUCT: Carper's four fundamental patterns of knowing in nursing--empirical, ethical, personal, and aesthetic--are required for nursing practice. A different mode of inquiry is required to develop knowledge about and evidence for each pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Theory, inquiry, and evidence are inextricably linked. Each pattern of knowing can be considered a type of theory, and the modes of inquiry appropriate to the generation and testing of each type of theory provide diverse sources of data for evidence-based nursing practice. Different kinds of nursing theories provide different lenses for critiquing and interpreting the different kinds of evidence essential for theory-guided, evidence-based holistic nursing practice.
Authors: Monica Parry; Abida Dhukai; Hance Clarke; Ann Kristin Bjørnnes; Joseph A Cafazzo; Lynn Cooper; Paula Harvey; Joel Katz; Chitra Lalloo; Marit Leegaard; France Légaré; Mike Lovas; Judith McFetridge-Durdle; Michael McGillion; Colleen Norris; Laura Parente; Rose Patterson; Louise Pilote; Leah Pink; Jennifer Price; Jennifer Stinson; Akib Uddin; J Charles Victor; Judy Watt-Watson; Carol Auld; Christine Faubert; Deborah Park; Marianne Park; Beatrice Rickard; Vincenza Spiteri DeBonis Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2020-03-09 Impact factor: 2.692