Kinematic event patterns in speech: special problems.

The view that each utterance is fundamentally a pattern of serially-ordered events underlies a group of well-known speech kinematic studies emphasizing temporal coordination among articulators. Methodological problems that might affect the validity and significance of conclusions from these studies are identified. Results from a new analysis of synchronous acoustic and fleshpoint-kinematic data, recorded from 53 normal young-adult speakers of American English, are then reported. The kinematic data represented speech-related actions of the tongue blade and dorsum, both lips, and the mandible, during the test words special and problem, and were drawn from an existing X-ray microbeam speech production database. Distributions of event patterns across speakers revealed four main results: (1) different patterns for the two test words; (2) a comparable degree of cross-speaker agreement about relative tongue and jaw movement timing, but marked disagreement about lip and jaw movement timing, between test words; (3) highly distinctive movement patterns for some speakers; and, (4) a general conclusion that serial event order, alone, provides very limited understanding of movement patterns produced by individual speakers. By design, these results focus attention on methods of kinematic event pattern analyses, and the general value of such analyses for insights about speech production.