Corticospinal control of locomotor pathways generating extensor activities in the cat.

Interneuronal convergence of corticospinal and segmental pathways involved with the generation of extensor activities during locomotion was investigated in decerebrate and partially spinalized cats. L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) was slowly injected until long-latency, long-lasting discharges could be evoked by the stimulation of contralateral flexor reflex afferents (coFRA) and the group I autogenetic inhibition was reversed to polysynaptic excitation in extensor motoneurons. Under these conditions, we stimulated in alternation the contralateral pyramidal tract (PT), group I afferents from knee and ankle extensor muscles, and both stimuli together. We did the same for the stimulation of PT and of coFRA. Clear polysynaptic EPSPs could be evoked from all three sources in 32 extensor motoneurons. Convergence was inferred from spatial facilitation, which occurred when the amplitude of the EPSPs evoked by the combined stimuli was notably larger than the algebraic sum of the EPSPs evoked by individual stimulation. Spatial facilitation was found between PT and extensor group I inputs in 30/59 tests (51%) in 20 motoneurons and in all cases (6/6) between PT and coFRA in six motoneurons. When fictive locomotion was induced with further injection of L-DOPA, PT descending volleys from the same stimulating site could reset the stepping rhythm by initiating bursts of activity in all extensors. These results indicate that at least some of the corticospinal fibers project onto interneurons shared by the coFRA and the polysynaptic excitatory group I pathways to extensors. The implications of such convergence patterns on the organization of the extensor "half-center" for locomotion are discussed.