Prevention of ectropion in reconstruction of facial defects.

Lower eyelid malpositions and ocular damage occur with inadequate reconstructions of facial defects that encroach on the periocular region. Reconstructive principles and techniques are presented that are essential in the prevention of ectropion in these situations. Eyelid and periocular anatomy is reviewed. The use of canthalplasties, canalicular reconstruction, and ancillary techniques for facial flaps are presented.