Pediatric HIV infection and chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Malignancy occurs in 2-4% of children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most commonly reported type is non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We describe the first reported case of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in a child infected with HIV. The initial diagnosis was consistent with Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphocyte leukemia. However, on review of the patient's history and the persistence of the Philadelphia chromosome, the diagnosis of CML was made. CML needs to be added to the list of malignancies seen in patients with HIV.