[Laparoscopic splenectomy: new techniques and indications].

Over the recent years laparoscopic splenectomy has become the preferred approach for the treatment of many conditions requiring splenic removal. At first limited to small spleens and to benign hematologic disorders, this procedure is now used for a variety of indications. Enlarged spleens are possible to be removed laparoscopically, although this is still a demanding procedure. Two factors facilitated the technique and contributed to its wide acceptance: 1) Change in the technique originally used, by positioning the patient in right lateral decubitus, and approaching the spleen from a postero-lateral direction. 2) The development of new technologies to dissect and divide tissues and vessels, including the ultrasonic shears and the laparoscopic linear stapler. In this article we review the current indications for laparoscopic splenectomy, as well as the techniques to accomplish this procedure.