Making a difference to the socioeconomic determinants of health: policy responses and intervention options.

APACPH has previously highlighted the profound effect of global economic change on increasing health disparities in most countries in the Asian Pacific Region of the world, with those citizens who are most disadvantaged and vulnerable, suffering most. This presentation identifies two key issues that should underpin efforts to reduce socioeconomic health disparities: (1) the current evidence base on policies and interventions successful in reducing inequalities; and, (2) how to implement such strategies. Actions to reduce such disparities should ideally include: (1) changes in macro-level social and economic policies, (2) improving living and working conditions, (3) strengthening communities for health, (4) influencing behavioural risk factors, (5) strengthening individuals and their social networks, and (5) an improved response from the health care system and associated services. Other than a few notable exceptions, few countries have developed a coordinated and integrated approach to addressing health inequalities. However, previously successful public health interventions represent a good starting point. Health professionals have an important role to play in not only recognising that the determinants of health are rooted in the economic, social and cultural fabric of our society, but in supporting and advocating strategies and approaches that lie upstream from the health care system.