Idiopathic juxtafoveal retinal telangiectasis: case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic juxtafoveal retinal telangiectasis (IJRT) is an uncommon cause of vision loss. It is characterized by irregularly dilated capillaries in the macula, often found temporal to the fovea and straddling the horizontal raphe. These telangiectatic vessels appear similar to microaneurysms and can be difficult to detect without fluorescein angiography. Varying degrees of vessel leakage and exudation are also common features. Three distinct types of IJRT have been described on the basis of clinical features. Within the spectrum of disease encompassed by IJRT, it can affect either gender--present unilaterally or bilaterally--and occur at any age. CASE REPORT AND REVIEW: Presented here is a case with type 1A idiopathic juxtafoveal retinal telangiectasis and a review of all types.