Survivors of childhood cancer for more than twenty years.

Present health status, complications, and development of long-term survivors of childhood cancer followed for more than 20 years in a single institution were reviewed. The departmental database was searched to identify patients diagnosed with childhood cancer and consequently treated between 1965 and 1978. A total of 124 (77%) long-term survivors participated on a voluntary basis in the study. A semi-standardized interview consisted of measures evaluating the present health condition, sequelae of treatment, second malignancies, intellectual development and presence of offspring of the former patients. The majority of patients were treated with chemotherapy (82%). 67% received radiotherapy and 67% underwent surgery. A relapse of the primary tumor was diagnosed in four patients as well as a second malignancy in four other patients. In 33% of the long-term survivors one or more serious therapy-related health problems were noted. Adequate mental and intellectual development was achieved in 65%. Children treated in the early years of pediatric oncology seem to have a satisfactory outcome as viewed over the long term. Consequent ongoing follow-up is still necessary to detect health problems and enhance quality of life for subsequent generations of children with cancer.