Immunohistochemical localization of activated EGF receptor in human eccrine and apocrine sweat glands.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is secreted into sweat from secretory cells of human sweat glands. The function of EGF in sweat is poorly understood. The biological function of EGF is exerted by the binding of EGF to the receptor (EGFR) and its activation. Therefore, we immunohistochemically localized the activated form of EGFR in human eccrine and apocrine sweat glands to assess the functional importance of the EGF-EGFR system in human sweat glands. Frozen sections of human skin were stained with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific for tyrosine-phosphorylated (activated) EGFR and with an MAb that stains both activated and non-activated EGFR. In the secretory portion of eccrine sweat glands, nuclei of the secretory cells were stained with the anti-activated EGFR MAb. In coiled and straight portions of eccrine sweat ducts, nuclei of luminal and peripheral cells were stained with the antibody specific for activated EGFR. Luminal cell membranes and luminal cytoplasm of inner ductal cells possessed non-activated EGFR. In the secretory portion of apocrine sweat glands, activated EGFRs were present in cytoplasm and nuclei of secretory cells. These data suggest that EGF, already known to be present in the cytoplasm of secretory cells in eccrine and apocrine sweat glands, activates EGFR in the nuclei of secretory cells themselves in an intracrine manner. Because ductal cells do not express EGF, EGF in the sweat secreted from the secretory cells should activate EGFR in the ductal cells in a paracrine manner. (J Histochem Cytochem 49:597-601, 2001)