Dissociation of arousal-like from anxiogenic-like actions of brain corticotropin-releasing factor receptor ligands in rats.

Behavioral actions of centrally administered corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) are likely subserved by multiple brain targets and functional effector systems. The present studies compared effects of two CRF ligands, a full, post-synaptic CRF receptor agonist (rat/human CRF(1-41)) and a CRF binding protein ligand inhibitor (rat/human CRF(6-33)) in a behavioral testing battery sensitive to arousal, fear-like and aversive processes in Wistar rats. The profile of global efficacy for the centrally administered CRF receptor agonist was characterized by low dose (0.5-1.0 microg) arousal-like effects in locomotor and conditioned ambulation contexts and by high dose (5-25 microg) conditioned immobility, taste aversion and place aversion. In contrast, a profile of limited efficacy for the centrally administered CRF binding protein ligand inhibitor included only dose dependent motor activating and facilitation of fear conditioning effects without any of the anxiogenic-like or aversive properties of CRF agonist administration. These results suggest that arousal-like activation is a fundamental, physiologically relevant consequence of brain CRF system stimulation whereas aversive and anxiety-like effects reflect pharmacological actions of a CRF receptor agonist.