Identification of an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae consensus promoter structure.

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae promoter-containing clones were isolated from a genomic DNA library constructed in our lVET promoter trap vector pTF86. The promoter-containing clones were identified by their ability to drive expression of the promoterless luxAB genes of Vibrio harveyi. The degree of expression was quantifiable, and only high-expression or "hot" promoters were used for this study. Nine clones were sequenced, and their transcriptional start sites were determined by primer extension. The sequences upstream of the start site were aligned, and a consensus promoter structure for A. pleuropneumoniae was identified. The consensus promoter sequence for A. pleuropneumoniae was found to be TATAAT and TTG/AAA, centered approximately 10 and 35 bp upstream of the transcriptional start site, respectively. A comparison of the A. pleuropneumoniae consensus with other prokaryotic consensus promoters showed that the A. pleuropneumoniae consensus promoter is similar to that found in other eubacteria in terms of sequence, with an identical -10 element and a similar but truncated -35 element. However, the A. pleuropneumoniae consensus promoter is unique in the spacing between the -10 and -35 elements. The promoter spacing was analyzed by site-directed mutagenesis, which demonstrated that optimal spacing for an A. pleuropneumoniae promoter is shorter than the spacing identified for Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis promoters.