OBJECTIVE: To determine whether genotypes from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes A, C, or D or intersubtype recombinants have the same probability of being transmitted from mother to child. METHODS: We determined the HIV-1 genetic subtype and maternal risk factors of 51 matched transmitting and nontransmitting mothers from Tanzania. The HIV-1 gag (p24-p7) and env (C2-C5) nucleotide sequences were used for genotype classification, and matched logistic regression analysis was used to assess differences among genotypes. RESULTS: Mothers infected with HIV-1 subtype A (odds ratio, 3.8; 95% CI, 0.8-24.7%), HIV-1 subtype C (odds ratio, 5.1; 95% CI, 1.3-30.8%), or HIV-1 intersubtype recombinant viruses (odds ratio, 5.3; 95% CI, 1.2-33.4%) were more likely to transmit HIV-1 to their infants than mothers infected with HIV-1 subtype D. Lower CD4 cell counts at enrollment were associated with transmission, but CD4 cell counts within each genotype did not explain differences in transmission among HIV-1 genotypes. CONCLUSION: We have shown that HIV-1 genotypes might be associated with differential risk for vertical transmission. These findings provide the first evidence that HIV-1 genetic subtypes may play a role in rates of vertical transmission in an African setting.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether genotypes from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes A, C, or D or intersubtype recombinants have the same probability of being transmitted from mother to child. METHODS: We determined the HIV-1 genetic subtype and maternal risk factors of 51 matched transmitting and nontransmitting mothers from Tanzania. The HIV-1 gag (p24-p7) and env (C2-C5) nucleotide sequences were used for genotype classification, and matched logistic regression analysis was used to assess differences among genotypes. RESULTS: Mothers infected with HIV-1 subtype A (odds ratio, 3.8; 95% CI, 0.8-24.7%), HIV-1 subtype C (odds ratio, 5.1; 95% CI, 1.3-30.8%), or HIV-1 intersubtype recombinant viruses (odds ratio, 5.3; 95% CI, 1.2-33.4%) were more likely to transmit HIV-1 to their infants than mothers infected with HIV-1 subtype D. Lower CD4 cell counts at enrollment were associated with transmission, but CD4 cell counts within each genotype did not explain differences in transmission among HIV-1 genotypes. CONCLUSION: We have shown that HIV-1 genotypes might be associated with differential risk for vertical transmission. These findings provide the first evidence that HIV-1 genetic subtypes may play a role in rates of vertical transmission in an African setting.
Authors: Mark Manak; Silvana Sina; Bharathi Anekella; Indira Hewlett; Eric Sanders-Buell; Viswanath Ragupathy; Jerome Kim; Marion Vermeulen; Susan L Stramer; Ester Sabino; Piotr Grabarczyk; Nelson Michael; Sheila Peel; Patricia Garrett; Sodsai Tovanabutra; Michael P Busch; Marco Schito Journal: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses Date: 2012-02-24 Impact factor: 2.205
Authors: T Ndung'u; Y Lu; B Renjifo; N Touzjian; N Kushner; V Pena-Cruz; V A Novitsky; T H Lee; M Essex Journal: J Virol Date: 2001-12 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: V Novitsky; H Cao; N Rybak; P Gilbert; M F McLane; S Gaolekwe; T Peter; I Thior; T Ndung'u; R Marlink; T H Lee; M Essex Journal: J Virol Date: 2002-10 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Tim van Opijnen; Rienk E Jeeninga; Maarten C Boerlijst; Georgios P Pollakis; Veera Zetterberg; Mika Salminen; Ben Berkhout Journal: J Virol Date: 2004-04 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Barbara Falkensammer; Martin Doerler; Harald H Kessler; Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stoeckl; Walter Parson; Christina Duftner; Manfred P Dierich; Heribert Stoiber Journal: Wien Klin Wochenschr Date: 2007 Impact factor: 1.704