Five-day proton pump inhibitor-based quadruple therapy regimen is more effective than 7-day triple therapy regimen for Helicobacter pylori infection.

BACKGROUND: There have been no reports that describe whether 5-day quadruple therapy (rabeprazole + amoxicillin + clarithromycin + metronidazole; RACM) could substitute for standard 7-day triple therapy as a first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study was designed as a randomized prospective single centre study. A total of 160 H. pylori-positive patients who had not received therapy were given either a 5-day RACM regimen (n=80, rabeprazole 20 mg b.d., amoxicillin 750 mg b.d., clarithromycin 200 mg b.d. and metronidazole 250 mg b.d.) or a 7-day RAC regimen (n=80, rabeprazole 20 mg b.d., amoxicillin 750 mg b.d. and clarithromycin 200 mg b.d.). Cure of the infection was assessed by a (13)C urea breath test 1 month after the completion of therapy.
RESULTS: The eradication rates of the 5-day RACM regimen and the 7-day RAC regimen were 93% (95% CI: 84--97%) and 81% (95% CI: 71--89%) by intention-to-treat analysis, 94% (95% CI: 86--98%) and 83% (95% CI: 73--91%) by all-patients-treated analysis analysis and 95% (95% CI: 87--98%; P < 0.05) and 82% (95% CI: 72--90%) by per protocol analysis, respectively. No serious adverse effect was observed, and 99% of the patients reported complete compliance.
CONCLUSIONS: The cure rate of the 5-day RACM regimen was more effective than the 7-day RAC regimen, suggesting that this regimen could be preferable as a first-line therapy for H. pylori infection.

RCT Entities:   Population Interventions Outcomes