Deficiency of gustatory sensitivity to some deterrent compounds in "polyphagous" mutant strains of the silkworm, Bombyx mori.

Sawa-J, CSJ02 and N601 x C601 are selected mutant strains of Bombyx mori, which grow on various artificial diets or temporarily ingest various plant leaves. To examine the mechanisms mediating diet breadth of caterpillars, gustatory spike responses of the silkworms, called 'polyphagous" strains, were compared with normal strains, N137 x C146 and C02. There were notable differences in their feeding habits and in their sensitivity to salicin in deterrent cells in the maxillary medial styloconic sensilla and the epipharyngeal sensilla. By contrast, the deterrent cells of all strains responded similarly to strychnine nitrate in a dose-dependent manner. In additional comparisons of Sawa-J and N137 x C146, Sawa-J maxillary deterrent cells were significantly less sensitive to phloridzin, amygdalin and arbutin, but responded to some alkaloids and 20-hydroxyecdysone with similar or even higher firing rate. These results suggest that the deficiency of the sensitivity to some deterrent compounds on the deterrent cell of the polyphagous strains may be caused by mutant genes and affects the diet breadth of caterpillars.