[Specific and nonspecific cortical-subcortical mechanisms of behavior].

The paper presents data on comparative morphological study of afferent connections between the cat, dog, monkey brain basal ganglia with structures of the "motor" and "limbic" systems, neurophysiological data on specifics of involvement of the pre-frontal cortex, amygdala, caudate nucleus and thalamus in the processes of learning, perception and assessment of the stimuli significance, formation of short- and long-term memory's programs, decision making, programming the actions and assessment of the actions being performed, experimental data on the role of glutamatergic, dopaminergic, cholinergic, GABA-ergic systems of the cortex and a number of subcortical structures in the mechanisms of formation and implementation of the food and defence reflexes.