Gene diversity of chimpanzee ABO blood group genes elucidated from exon 7 sequences.

Human and non-human primate ABO blood group genes show relatively large numbers of nucleotide differences. In this study, we determined exon 7 sequences for 10 individuals of common chimpanzee and for four individuals of bonobo to estimate nucleotide diversities among them. Sequence data showed the existence of chimpanzee specific 9-base deletion in the beginning of the exon 7 coding region. From a phylogenetic network of exon 7 sequences of ABO blood group genes for human, common chimpanzee, bonobo and gorilla, effects of parallel substitutions and/or some kinds of convergent events are inferred in the chimpanzee lineage. We also estimated nucleotide diversities for common chimpanzee and bonobo ABO blood group genes, and these values were 0.4% and 0.2%, respectively. These values are higher than that of most human genes.