Differential expression of a novel serine protease homologue in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Differential gene expression between squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and matched normal tissue was studied by utilizing Representational Difference Analysis. Using this methodology, a novel gene, DESC1 was isolated. DESC1 possesses strong identity to the serine protease super-family. Comparison of DESC1 expression between primary squamous cell carcinoma and matched normal tissue shows that the level of DESC1 expression is reduced or absent in 11/12 SCC tissue specimens when compared to specimens of matched normal tissue. Tissue-specific expression studies further show that DESC1 expression can only be detected in tissues derived from the head and neck, and in skin, prostate and testes. Cell line studies demonstrate that DESC1 expression is epithelial-specific. Chromosomal localization studies indicate that DESC1 is located on the long arm of chromosome 4 at position q12-13. Copyright 2001 Cancer Research Campaign.